Synopsis "A Dictionary of Christian Antiquities Volume 2 (in English)"
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1880 Excerpt: ...c. 5, forbid him to put away his wife (irpopAtTei euAajSefas); and Cone. Gangr. c. 4, anathematizes those who refused to receive the communion from a married presbyter. But Epiphanius, ii. 59,4, speaks of a canon to the opposite effect, which, however, he admits not to be observed: Socrates, H. E. v. 22, notes, on the other hand, that although there was no positive enactment, many clergy did abstain from their wives, and that in Thessaly a clerk was excommunicated who did not so abstain. A distinction in this respect was afterwards drawn in the East, which with some modifications has remained until modern times, between presbyters and bishops. Justinian enacted in 531 that no person could be made bishop who did not practise married continence (Cod. Justin, i. 3, 48, cf. Cone. Trull, xii. 13; and see Celibacy, Vol. I. p. 324). In the West, Cone. Illib. A.D. 313, commands all married clerks to abstain and not to beget children under pain of deprivation; so also the doubtful addition to 1 Cone. Arelat. c. 29: 2 Carth. c. 3 = Cod. Eccles. Afric. c. 2, gives the prohibition without specifying a penalty: 5 Carth. c. 3 = Cod. Eccles. Afric. c. 25, makes the enactment apply to subdeacons and upwards, but not to inferior clerks: 1 Tolet. A.D. 398, assigns the milder penalty of non-promotion; so also 1 Turon. A.d. 441, c. 2; but 1 Araus. A.D. 441, c. 23, Agath. A.d. 506, c. 9, Arvern. A.d. 535, c. 13, revert to the penalty of deposition in the case of priests and deacons: Gerund. A.D. 517, c. 6, 3 Aurel. A.D. 538, c. 2, 5 Aurel. A.D. 549, c. 4 (but not 4 Aurel. A.D. 541, c. 17), Autissiod. A.d. 578, c. 20, and apparently 2 Matisc. A.D. 581, c. 11, 3 Lugd. A.D. 583, c. 1 (all Gallican councils, and all belonging to the century which succeeded the baptism of Chlodwig),...
